Calculate tons and cubic yards of pea gravel, crushed stone, and road base aggregate for driveways, pathways, and drainage.
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A gravel calculator determines the total volume in cubic yards and weight in US tons required for landscaping beds, driveways, french drains, and pathways. It factors in aggregate density (typically 1.4 to 1.5 tons per cubic yard) and soil compaction.
\text{Tons} = \frac{\text{Length (ft)} \times \text{Width (ft)} \times \left(\frac{\text{Depth (in)}}{12}\right)}{27} \times 1.10 \times \rho_{\text{gravel}}Where ρ_gravel is the aggregate bulk density (~1.40 tons/yd³ for pea gravel, ~1.45 tons/yd³ for crushed stone, and ~1.55 tons/yd³ for dense grade base). A 10% compaction factor is included.
Scenario: Paving a 50 ft by 10 ft residential driveway with 3 inches of #57 crushed stone.
Square footage: 50 × 10 = 500 sq ft.
Cubic feet: 500 × (3 ÷ 12) = 125 cu ft.
Cubic yards: 125 ÷ 27 = 4.63 cu yds (with 10% settling = 5.09 cu yds).
Calculate weight: 5.09 cu yds × 1.45 tons/yd³ = 7.38 US tons.
One ton of gravel covers approximately 100 square feet at a 2-inch depth, or 50 square feet at a 4-inch depth.
Because gravel weighs approximately 2,800 lbs per cubic yard, 1 ton (2,000 lbs) equals approximately 0.71 cubic yards (or 1.4 tons per cubic yard).
A standard gravel driveway should have a total depth of 6 to 8 inches: a 4-inch compacted subbase of coarse #3 stone or road base, followed by 2 to 3 inches of #57 crushed stone on top.
A standard single-axle dump truck hauls 5 to 7 tons. A tandem dump truck hauls 12 to 15 tons, and a large tri-axle truck delivers 20 to 22 tons.
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= 4.89 Cubic Yards (6.21 Metric Tonnes)